ACE I/D and ADD1 Polymorphisms in Individuals with Cardiovascular Diseases: Prospects on Risk Assessment and Pharmacogenetics

ORIGINAL RESEARCH, December2013, VOL II ISSUE IV, ISSN 2042-4884
10.5083/ejcm.20424884.106 , Cite or Link Using DOI
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Roldan M. de Guia, Francesca Paola D.G. Aguirre, Angeli Kaye M. Calderon, Harold Ian Y. Gamboa, Laine Valerie C. Kongsun Ching, Bernadette Meifel Joyce D. Madamba, Lorenz Jacob C. Mangahas, Ma. Victoria P. Policina, Rachel R. Santos, et al

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess the frequency of ACEI/D and ADD1 polymorphism in recruited Filipino populations, identify risk factors, and most popular mode of medications.

Methods and Results: Case-series and case-control samplings were done. Hypertension proved to be the most common case in the population. Other important risk factors identified are age, body mass index, physical activity, and family history. ACE I/D and ADD1 G460W polymorphisms were genotype using PCR-based methods. It was identified from the screenings that the ACE deletion and ADD1 W460 alleles are prevalent in cases of CVDs although hypertension in the population is not associated with the ACE I/D polymorphism (χ2=0.09, p=0.956). On the contrary, comorbidity of diabetes and CVDs is associated with ACE I/D polymorphism with II genotyped conferring the risk (OR=5.4375, 95% CI: 2.2275-13.2735, p=0.0002). Majority of CVD cases in the study were using
beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and statins.

Conclusion: With these preliminary data at hand, future studies are geared toward bigger population-based screening for risk assessment and selection of genes that could possibly affect metabolism and efficacy of drugs that are commonly used by Filipinos.